Jade and jade seal culture

"The flow of information has been forever, and it has been awarded to all parties." Since ancient times, one seal has been a symbol of power, a manifestation of identity, a certificate of credibility, a small book, and a large army. It slowly flows through the movement of the little seal. Because the seal is so solemn and dignified, the equipment used also uses relatively strong and durable gold and silver, rhinoceros, ivory, jade, such as Qingtian Stone, Tian Huangshi, Changhua Stone is a long history of seal stone, and since the end of the Qing Dynasty, with the emergence of jade Appreciated by collectors, the precious and elegant jade seal has gradually become a treasure of scholars and politicians, and it shines on books, letters and manuscripts.

The history of seals in China is very long. From ancient times to the present, the seal has always been the body of the literati's mind and thoughts. Lu You has a poem cloud. "Flowers are like a solution, and stone can't be said to be the most." The seal is unique. Color, grain, rhyme, rigid, soft, shape, silently spread the message, with silent existing sound.

China's seal culture is profound and profound, and has a long history. It is well known for its calligraphy, paintings and poetry and is known as the four traditional Chinese art. It is a witness to the Chinese culture and a witness to the development of the times. Among them, Yu Yin is a symbol of the noble status of the royal power and even the royal family. Since ancient times, seals have two major functions: one is the symbolic function, and the other is the proof function. The former is used to symbolize power and rank, while the latter is used to prove identity and behavior. With the progress of the times, the symbolic function of the seal has gradually weakened, and the proof function of the seal has become the main function.

The development of the seal:

Before the Qin Dynasty, regardless of the official and private printing, it was called "玺". After Qin unified the six countries, the emperor's printing was called "玺", and the subjects were only called "printing." In the Han Dynasty, there were also princes and kings, and the Queen Mother called it "玺". Tang Wu was in the middle of the day because he felt the "sound" and "dead" near sounds (also said that it is the same as "interest"), and the tampering is called "treasure." Tang Zhiqing used the old system and used "玺" and "宝" together.

Since ancient times, there have been many kinds of materials for engraving seals, such as jade, gold, silver, copper, wood, horns (bone), glass, etc. Among them, jade is the most influential and widely used printing material except bronze. Yuyin is a symbol of the noble status of the royal power and even the royal family. Since ancient times, seals have two major functions: one is the symbolic function, and the other is the proof function. The former is used to symbolize power and rank, while the latter is used to prove identity and behavior. With the progress of the times, the symbolic function of the seal has gradually weakened, and the proof function of the seal has become the main function.

Jade Seal is not only a kind of literati, but also a kind of art that literati collects and plays. The shape of the seal is square, rectangular, round, double-shaped, etc., and the style of the button is more diverse. The printed content is very rich, both indicating identity and motto, and a Qingyin is also a place for literati.

After the Han Dynasty, the seal developed rapidly, especially the number of silk screens made with jade began to increase, both materials and crafts reached a very high level, the button is a turtle button, a button button. The jade seal of the Eastern Jin Dynasty is square and rectangular, and the button has a glass shape, a ghost shape, etc., which are more like the Han Dynasty jade seal. The Yuyin of the Yuan Dynasty was influenced by the bronze official seals of the Song and Jin Dynasties. Most of the jade seals were thin and thin, completely different from the Han Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the use of seals became more common. At the same time, the literati pursued the artistic styles of painting, calligraphy, and engraving, which made the poetry and the literati directly participate in the printing of the phenomenon, and produced a lot of genres. The formation of a unique art of engraving has become an important category in the study of stationery. At this point, the jade seal is not only a kind of literary person's token, but also a kind of art that the literati collects and plays. The shape of the seal is square, rectangular, round, double-shaped, etc., and the style of the button is more diverse.

The seals are classified by the method of engraving:

The seal is the most distinctive thing in Chinese painting. The small seal can be the finishing touch of the picture. In the black and white world, there is a little red, very eye-catching. The contents of the seal are also very meaningful. Why do the descendants call Tang Yan: the first genius in Jiangnan? It is said that Tang Bohu carved a seal on the side, engraved: Jiangnan first genius talent eight words, plus his folk anecdotes, so the future people call it. The seal can be divided into three categories: yin, yang, and yin and yang. According to the content classification, the seals are roughly divided into the following categories:

First, the chapter, the above is the author's name and word. Such as: Banqiao, Baishi, Banqiao lay, Daqianjushi, Jiangdong ten wing Fan Zeng and so on.

Second, the leisure chapter is the seal of the author's sentiment. Such as: Han Moxiang, true water without fragrance, seven products official ears, Hunan Changsha Xiangtan people, Jiangnan cloth, seventy Weng and so on. The seal also reflects the author’s mood at a certain time, or the friendship with the donor.

Third, the collection chapter, is the collector to cover their own works on the collection of their own collections, the most famous one is: the treasure of the Emperor Qianlong, the treasure of Xuan Tong Yu, the treasure of Wenyuange, Sanxitang, and the cloud Painting and other royal and famous store collection seals.

Fourth, the Xiao style chapter. The above is usually an animal-shaped seal such as the zodiac. Mostly used in the works of the year

Buttons mean:

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xu Shen said in the "Said Wen Jie Zi": India, the ruling office is also holding; button, printed nose also. The ancients held the letter for the ruling, and they printed it on the perforation on the top of the seal. This is the earliest button. At this time, the button is only for practical use and has no ornamental value. The production of the button was originally easy to use, and then became a symbol of carving art and symbolism. In the printing of official seals since the Qin and Han Dynasties, different buttons are used to distinguish the heights of positions. The buttons of the ancient official seals are mostly fixed. The button type of private printing has varied, especially since the Yuan Dynasty, the artist has been ingeniously crafted, showing a variety of situations and fighting for the situation, making the button art become a wonderful work in the arts and crafts.

Dragon:

The head of China's four auspicious beasts, the totem of the Chinese nation since ancient times, has the meaning of the emperor. Legend has it that the dragons are nine products, namely: the eldest son of the prisoner is good music; the second son is good to kill; the three sons are ridiculously dangerous; the four sons are under heavy load; the five sons are good litigation; the six sons are good to kiss; the seven sons are good Food; eight sons of gold 猊 good fireworks; nine sons Pu prison is good.

Among the dragons and nine sons, only the four sons have a good weight. Their appearance is like a tortoise. The head is like a dragon. It is called a beast. There is a god of the tortoise called the dragon turtle. It is said that the son-in-law used it. The foot propped up the sky that was collided by the workers. Because the dragon tortoise is well-loaded, the meaning can help people to stop the disaster, reduce the harm, and have the role of the town house to prosper, Fuze shelters all sentient beings.

The dragon is a metaphor for men in the private sector. It has become the most distinguished mascot representative in the minds of Chinese people. It has the symbol of martial arts, strength, excellence and wealth.

There are many singular engravings on the seal, such as Wulong, Qilong, and Kowloon. According to the five elements, the man is yang and the woman is yin. Therefore, the singular number is yang, and the double number is yin. Because the dragon is the symbol of the emperor, only the singular engraving dragon is selected. shape.

Kowloon is Kyushu, meaning imperial power and the world, so Kowloon symbolizes the extreme. In the Qing Dynasty, the Emperor's robes were generally embroidered in Kowloon, but from the front or the back, they were all five dragons, and they were the title of the emperor of the "Nine-Five-Year". Therefore, Wulong also had the meaning of "Dragon Dance".

Applicable objects: gratitude, friendship, blessing, degao, promising, special, social, excellent, sports, calligraphy, literature, honor, election, society, new marriage, birth, new house, opening.

phoenix:

The phoenix is ​​the "king of birds" and the most famous auspicious bird in ancient China. The prototype of the chicken in the zodiac is the phoenix. The phoenix was originally positive, also known as the sunbird, the phoenix, and the dragon was originally negative. It is a representative of aquatic animals. About the Han Dynasty, because Liu Bang claimed to be the reincarnation of Bailong, the emperor was said to be a true dragon, the dragon was transformed into a positive animal from a negative animal, and the phoenix was converted from a positive animal to a negative animal and became a symbolic animal of the queen.

For thousands of years, the phoenix has always been regarded as a symbol of beauty, auspiciousness, kindness, tranquility, virtue, and nature. It is a symbol of the heavens, the humanity, the peace, and the light. Many figurative couples love each other or wish a happy marriage.

Kirin:

The unicorns are male and female, and the female unicorns are strange in appearance. They have faucets, antlers, horseshoes, oxtails, wolves, and colorful scales. People regard unicorn as a mascot. The legendary place where unicorns stepped on will bring good luck to the people there, so there is "Kirin auspicious".

In traditional culture, Kirin is a symbol of auspiciousness. In ancient times, there was a saying that "the sacred world came out of the unicorn." At the same time, the folks also believed that the unicorn was the singer of the disaster relief, the evil spirits, the town house to avoid shackles, and the promotion of wealth.

Applicable objects: gratitude, friendship, blessing, degao, promising, special, economic, education, military and police, political, glory, election, association, new marriage, birth, and opening.

turtle:

The texture of the turtle's back is dense, and the Chinese have always believed that the turtle hides the secrets of the heavens and the earth, so it also becomes an animal with a mysterious and rich cultural connotation. At the same time, it is because the turtle has a very long life, so it has become a symbol of longevity. People often use the "guiling age" to describe the longevity of the human being or the combination of "Heling age" and "the turtle age and the age of the crane".

Since ancient times, people believe that it can bring auspicious gas. The tortoise has become the spirit of the first prophet. The placement of the jade turtle can make the yin and yang, regulate the indoor yin and yang balance and the natural magnetic field, and can make up the luck and prosperity. The house is safe and peaceful, auspicious and wealthy.

貔貅 (pi xiu):

(Northern called to avoid evil), is an ancient Swiss beast, with a single-horned, double-horned shape, the one-horned person is called the deer, the two corners are called evil spirits, and the evil spirits are paralyzed. Its shape is short, tail, and whisker. People regard it as auspicious. The bigger the mouth is, the more money is earned. The more round the stomach is, the more money it will be, and the more it is loved because it has an extremely rare feature: it has a mouth, but There is no excretion of organs, that is, only there is no further. Therefore, I hope that like "there will be no more out", people will not hesitate to seek endless wealth.

People who are generally biased think that “貔貅” will be prone to wealth, so they will put a cockroach in the company or business place. The industries that are biased are foreign exchange, stocks, finance, horse racing, futures, etc. But it is not good for the traitor, because it is a beast.

Kim Min:

In ancient mythology, it is an auspicious thing, three feet, backed by the Big Dipper, two strings of copper coins, and the head of Taiji. As the saying goes: "There is a rich person who is rich in gold," so its image implies a lucrative source of wealth. Especially suitable for partial doors, such as lottery, stocks, casinos, etc.

Jade Lion Head Seal:

The pronunciation of "Lion" is the same as "teacher". In ancient times, there were official names "Tai Shi" and "Little Master". Since the Qin Dynasty, there was a rule of the emperor's Indian side to use "Jade". Therefore, the seal of the lion's head symbolizes a bright future. The official transport is prosperous. Yu Yin is a symbol of honor and power.

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