The ethnic minority religious costume culture exhibition was held at the Shanghai Textile Museum

On the morning of July 15, the "Huafu Code God Buddha Cloth - China National Minority Religious Costume Culture Exhibition" was opened in the Shanghai Textile Museum. The exhibition is jointly sponsored by the Textile Museum and the National Palace of Culture Museum. The exhibition will be held for about two months (until September 9). It will be divided into three categories: “Witch Dance Costume”, “Koi Buddha Costume” and “Yai Ze Muslim”. The unit shows the primitive religions, Taoism, Buddhism and Islamic costumes among the Chinese minority.

China is a multi-ethnic country and a country with freedom of religious belief. Religious costumes are the products of religious beliefs, the identification of religious images, the carrier of religious ideas and the important components of religious rituals. They have various morphological categories and rich cultural connotations. Their styles, colors and patterns are different for different national costume cultures. The extent of the impact.

People who still retain the original religious color in their religious beliefs often prefer to use totems or other cults as decorative patterns of clothing. For example, a shaman costume of the Ewenki ethnic group in Inner Mongolia has two bronze antlers on its cap. Because the Ewenki people believe that the gods live in the heights of the mountains and treetops, they think that the gods will stay on the antlers of the form tree. The goddess also embroidered the sun, the moon, the trees, the birds, the beasts and other patterns with colored silk threads. It not only represents the intimate relationship between the natural gods of the shaman, but also symbolizes the illusionary power of the shaman. Shaman clothing is an important tool for the gods to dance with the gods. It helps the shaman to achieve the soul possession, thus predicting the fierceness and the blessing of disaster relief.

As the only religion originating in China, Taoism has a deep influence on the Yao, Bai, Yi and Maonan ethnic groups. It also has a certain spread among the Zhuang, Yi, Miao, Yi and Li nationalities, and many minority The integration of national traditional beliefs is very deep, and its costumes are characterized by complexity. This exhibit also exhibits the characteristics of this fusion.

After the long development of Buddhism, Buddhism gradually formed three major systems: Han Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism, and Nan Chuan Buddhism. It has more believers among ethnic minorities in China. In activities and rituals related to Buddhism, costumes are sacred spiritual forces, expressing complex concepts and symbolic meanings, playing a symbolic function, reflecting a comprehensive and versatile character. Tibetan Buddhism, also known as Tibetan Buddhism, or Lamaism, refers to the Buddhist branch that was introduced into Tibet. It belongs to the Mahayana Buddhism, but it is mainly characterized by Tantra. The dress of the Tibetan Buddhism monks is basically a pile of red sleeveless vests on the upper body, and the lower part is surrounded by a purple-red skirt "Xiamut", which is covered with a purple-red plaque. The method of dressing and the method of selecting and sewing these clothes vary depending on the sect. For example, the group of Gelugpa robes on display included yellow hats, yellow vestments, and red enamel skirts.

Islamic culture has had a profound impact on the history, culture, ethics, lifestyle and customs of various Muslim nationalities in China. In the classic Islamic scriptures of the Qur'an, there are clear requirements for the styles, colors, fabrics and accessories of secular costumes, in order to conform to nature, to be simple, clean and beautiful. The characteristics of Islam against idol worship also show the avoidance of characters and birds and beasts in the patterns of costumes, and prefer to use geometric patterns and flowers and other patterns. Islamic etiquette believes that outside the head, without any cover on the head, it is a kind of embarrassment to heaven. This kind of religious etiquette has been inherited from generation to generation, and has evolved into a clothing habit of Muslims. It is regarded as a kind of respect and a virtue. The Uighur brown scarf that was exhibited this time was the masked headscarf of Uighur women before and after the liberation of Xinjiang. At that time, the family members of religious figures were basically masked. These hat headscarves are everyday items worn by various Muslim nations. There is also a white turban that is worn by highly respected people, mainly worn when teaching Islamic knowledge and presiding over religious activities in religious places such as temples.

Religion is an important part of human culture and social life. The Shanghai Textile Museum hopes that through this exhibition, the world will appreciate the rich spiritual world and belief space of Chinese ethnic minorities conveyed by religious costumes, gain a deeper understanding of Chinese minority cultures, and promote dialogue and exchanges between different religious cultures.

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