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Power 糸 çŸç¼‰ çŸç¼‰ 4 Sheng Jufang National Electric Power Company Suzhou Thermal Engineering Institute Suzhou 215004 Abstract clarifies the necessity of ergonomics design of power system control center, and briefly introduces China's first electric power industry ergonomics design series standard The review situation and its main content, keyword power industry ergonomics design standard control center 1 control center ergonomics design necessity The power system control center is called the dispatching center in the power grid, which includes the control audit and its supporting function room. And related facilities are designed to monitor and control the power transmission and distribution operations, including technical and ergonomic aspects. How to use the principles of ergonomics, so that the control center machine includes hardware and software and environmental physical environment chemical environment and social interpersonal environment suitable for human physiological and psychological characteristics as well as human ability and its limits, so that the stewing technology can fully play. It is very important to realize the coordination and overall optimization of the control man-machine environment and ensure the safe operation of the system. China's power sector is divided into the design of the control center, attaches importance to the use of advanced technology, and some directly introduce advanced equipment from abroad. However, because of the different races and places, there are differences in the size of the body and the environment. From the perspective of ergonomics, the overall situation of these places is not coordinated, and corresponding improvement measures must be taken to suit the domestic use of Ding 1. . As for the control center designed by China itself, although it considers the human factor, it is not comprehensive enough, except for the ergonomic design of people. Therefore, there are often many weaknesses in the operation, which has already attracted the attention of the industry. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, some people in China analyzed the ergonomics of various types of control rooms in the late 1960s, late 70s, and early 1980s, and the results were clearly controlled. The layout of the room controls the adaptability of the indoor display system layout to the human vision, the operability of the control device, the pairwiseness of the control device, the readability of the instrument, the operator's working posture and the console, and the seat The rationality of the design, the lighting environment of the screwing room, the noise, the air quality, the working space of the working space, etc. all have different degrees of ergonomics, and some have caused the operator fatigue or work efficiency to become safe. Hidden dangers.
Also. The control room of the large dispatch center that I saw was very advanced, and there was glare. The console and the chair did not meet the requirements of ergonomics.
The stocks that appeared in the question were mainly due to the lack of human factors in the design of the control room. In particular, there was a lack of ergonomic design standards. In this case, the power system control center must implement ergonomic design to ensure the security of power production.
2 ergonomic design standards of foreign control centers According to the research on the development and application of ergonomic standards in the US power industry, the American Electric Power Research Institute bait 1 has studied the frequent shutdowns of large thermal power plants in the mid-1970s. analysis. It was found that most of the downtime accidents were caused by personnel operation errors, and the reasons for the mistakes were due to the fact that the design of the power plant was not well applied. The principle of learning makes it difficult to reduce or avoid operational errors. In the 1980s, on the basis of ergonomics research and evaluation of large-scale power plants in the Midwest and the United States, a set of design guidelines were prepared, and ergonomics for improving the design, operation and maintenance level of thermal power plants were detailed. Specifically clarify how to pass the principles and methods of human-machine engineering to the whole process of designing large-scale thermal power plants and all aspects of design. Later, the guidelines for the design of maintainability ergonomics for large power plants were published. These two sets of guidelines provide comprehensive guidance for the design operation and maintenance of the power plant drawing center, and have strong operability. The US National Standards Bureau also promulgated the ergonomic guidelines for the ergonomic standard 81 151001988 visual display terminal workstation in 1988. The standard fully defines the ergonomic principles and specific requirements for visual display terminals, 0-related work tables and chairs, and the environment. 0 Ding foot equipment commonly used in modern industry, but also an important equipment of the power system control center. It is said that the International Organization for Standardization 180 is preparing the ergonomic design series standard calendar of the conference control center, 064, as well as the vision for office work, the terminal ergonomics requirements series 1309241. Some of the two series of standards have been Formally promulgated, and some are still in the draft of drafts or solicitation of ideas.
2 The design standards for ergonomics of China's control center are as described above. To control the man-machine and control system of the control center well, it is necessary to formulate and implement the corresponding standards in China. In 1997, under the leadership of the China Electricity Council, led by the Nanjing Institute of Automation, the Institute of Thermal Engineering of the China Institute of Standardization, etc. participated in the formation of the control center ergonomics design standards working group. The preparation team tried their best to use the current internal and external personnel. The latest achievements of Chengxue research refer to a large number of relevant standards, especially the latest internal information of 064, 064 and 18, 9241, which are still in the preparation stage internationally, and prepare the ergonomic juice setting standards suitable for my actual power system. At the beginning of May 1999, the series of standards for ergonomics of the ergonomics of the control system of the system was completed. It was hosted by the ITU Standardization Department and held a series of standard funeral meetings in Beijing.
4 participants conducted a comprehensive review of the content of the series of standards. It is believed that the standard is very scientific and practical, and it fills the blank of the design standards for the ergonomics of the power system. It has a guiding principle and reference value for the future power design work and production operation. Standard review draft. The film should start from the actual. The revision of the standard was proposed.
In March of this year, the China National Electric Power Co., Ltd. officially announced that the series of standards will be implemented on July 1, 2000. This series of standards includes 12 sub-standards. DLT575.999 Control Center Ergonomics Guideline Part 1 Terms and Definitions DLT575.21999 Control Center Human Machine Design 4 Part 2 Field of View and Viewport Division DLT575.31999 Design Guide for the Lower Manpower of the Drawing Centre Part 3 Accessibility Area Operational Area Division Design Guide Part 4 Design Guide Part 5 Design Guide Part 6 Principle Control Center Man-Machine Confined space size control center ergonomics control center design principle control center ergonomics control center overall layout design guide Part 7 design guidelines 8th part control center man-machine control room layout control center Ergonomic Workstation Workstation 0 and Ruler DLT575.91999 Control Center Ergonomics Design Guide Part 9 Display Controller and its Interaction Control Center Ergonomics Design Guide Partial Control Room Evaluation Principles DLT575. 121999 Control Center Ergonomics Design Guide Part 12 Visual display terminal The above 12 sub-forests, the first four are the basic part.
One of them, 575.1999, summarizes all the terms and definitions used in the series of standards, and has an important role in understanding the whole standard. The other three pairs are related to the design of the control center. Such as the visual field range of people in various operating postures, the best viewing zone and the best visual field value, the viewing zone division of the monitoring operation; the hand function and range and operation division of the person in various operating postures; the precise operation zone is effective and comfortable to operate The operating area, the size of the expandable operation; the syllabus that should be considered in the design of the confined space, and the limited working space of the control center and the size of the individual mental space. These are the basic data necessary for the ergonomic design of the control center. After the last seven, the ergonomic design of the control center should follow its whole from the whole to the local, from the control center to the control room, and then to the workstations, and gradually refine to the display controller, respectively specifying the design principles. Design steps and various factors that should be considered. It has narrow control on the important parts of the control center, and also stipulates the requirements of the wide and specific environmental thermal environment, acoustic environment, airflow, lighting, air quality, etc., as well as the evaluation principle, the basic content of the human-machine evaluation, the evaluation procedure, and other basic data required in the design. Given. The latter sub-standard is not only a comprehensive application example of many ergonomic principles in the front sub-standards on the 0-station workstation, but also an important equipment of this series of standard system centers, and is a man-machine interface for controlling indoor heavy play.
The implementation of ergonomics design in power system control centers is an important indicator of the modernization of power systems. As new technologies continue to be applied, new human-machine interfaces will be encountered.
This series of standards cannot contain the principle of ergonomics. The principle of human-centered human-machine environment is coordinated. The design of machine and environment should be as suitable as possible. And its limits. The technology is new and different, but the basic characteristics of people change little. Therefore, as long as the above principles are firmly grasped, when using the specific design principles and parameters given in the series of standards, it is not enough to focus on a single principle or parameter, and to fully understand the comprehensive application, so that the overall coordination of the system will enable The design of the control center is more reasonable and more suitable for sweating.
1 Child is medium. Survey of man-machine system status in control room of thermal power plant. Water conservancy and electric power 2 Li Zhiguang and so on. Ergonomics study on safe operation failure of boiler control room in Laoshan Thermal Power Plant. Security, 19914 Jin Jin Jin Jin Jin Jin Jin Jin Jin Jin Jin Jin Jin materials materials Jin Jin Jin Jin Jinjin Jin Jin Jin Jin United States Net Home Electrical Safety Foundation NESF is the United States only through teaching to raise the public Electrical safety is recognized by the electrical contractor's trade union and the home that sets the standard for radon. As a charity, the foundation's operating funds come from donations from other organizations and individuals related to the company. The Foundation has a major, zero mark, which supports the National Electrical Security Month in May each year; it is through continuing education to strengthen the public's awareness of electrical safety; it is to provide information and information on electricity safety.
At present, funds held by the Foundation are mainly used to strengthen the education of electrical safety in the workplace; increase the knowledge of electrical safety in the school curriculum to strengthen the education of young people; conduct research on electrical safety judgment standards for electrical safety facilities. Add new facilities in a complete area; continue to strengthen the National Electrical Safety Foundation's website. Since the foundation of the foundation, accidents in electrical safety in the United States have been significantly reduced. Compile, give it back! . ,segment
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