Collection jade primary heavy jade material

Ancient jade collectors put the pros and cons of jade in the first place. So what is “quality jade”? What is “inferior jade”? The answer to this question is not completely consistent among ancient collectors. In the Han and Jin Dynasties, there was a discussion about heavy jade or heavy jade. "Jade quality", Confucianism proposed that jade has the characteristics of "warm and zealous, dense and dense, and its sound is clear and long, its end is stunned, gas is like white rainbow, spirit is seen in mountains and rivers" and other characteristics, unlike other stone. Confucianism puts forward that the main basis of "Yu Youde" is the superiority of jade quality, which is actually the interpretation of "the beauty of stone". The so-called "yude" is also the beauty of jade.

Regarding the jade color, the Confucianism proposed that the jade has the characteristics of “Fu Yin and Dada”. These four words are not easy to understand. The original meaning is “the jade is the object, the Fu Yin is in the middle and the side is outside, so it is the letter”. The interpretation of the present is that the monarch has the right to speak his words and can be bypassed. However, the book "Ji Yun" is also interpreted as "Jade Picking", "Picking" and "Color", that is, the color of jade, after learning more. The result of the debate is implemented in the basic point of "the first virtue and second degree". The virtue is the quality and the symbol is the color. That is to say, those who play jade, jade, and jade must first pay attention to the virtue, that is, the texture of jade. The pros and cons, then look at the beauty of its color. This ancient jade aesthetic is like a red line running through the history of Chinese ancient jade appreciation collection.

However, since the Song Dynasty, especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, this traditional ancient jade aesthetic has actually been shaken in practice. This is the two generations of ancient jade collectors in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, almost without exception, they all value the ancient jade The beauty has reached the biased position of disregarding jade quality. Although it is contrary to the ancient aesthetics of ancient jade, it is also a well-documented and harsh history.

First of all, the book is written by Jia Dao, an ancient jade collector and connoisseur. He loves Yu Chengyu. Because he has no life, he has to send the eighty-one ancient jade of his mother to the mother. Finish the shop. His collection of monographs, "Jade Ji", seems to be a remnant of the present, but it can be seen that Chen has summed up the views and experiences of the predecessors. It can be said that this book is a representative work of the Chinese jadeites in the Tibetan Jade Circle. It has far-reaching influence on the ancient jade collectors in the late Qing and the Republic of China. It is in contrast to the late Qing dynasty scholar Jin Dawei in the Guangxu period. The ancient jade that I have seen is guided by the pre-Qin ancient books such as "Zhou Li", and has been systematically and deeply researched, and the results of the collection have been turned into "the ancient jade map" published in the world.

This book not only shocked the domestic collectors and academic circles, but also deeply touched the ancient jade view of Japanese and European and American sinologists. These two monographs represent two different theoretical viewpoints and collection activities of the ancient jade collection community in China and their practice of examination and identification. It is worth mentioning that today's ancient jade collectors are almost 100%, intentionally or unintentionally still following the guidance of "Yu Ji" and continue to follow the path of ancient jade eroded. Only a few people seem to follow the "Jade Map" The tradition is to use the combination of classic and "ancient jade" to carry out the ancient jade dialectical work.

Contemporary jade collectors are new social groups. Unlike ancient collectors, most of them grew up in the 20 years of reform and opening up. Under the guidance of a large number of ancient jade prizes and forensic publications, they are in antique shops. The old goods stalls have bought a batch of jade pieces. In the past ten years, some people have auctioned a lot of jade articles from the auction house. Indeed, collectors of "Gao Guyu" have been collected for hundreds of years, and the collections are " There are very few Qingyu, and there are still collectors of calligraphy, painting, ceramics and jade, and some antique jade antiques.

Most of them like the "high ancient jade" of chicken bone white or the "red mountain jade" of strange shape, and some of them are covered with dirt like "black paint bone", "mercury enamel", "rust rust", The so-called "ancient jade" like "Tugu" or "Kinggu". In the conversation with them, they also found that most of these collectors lacked the basic knowledge of jade materials, and they did not know "Hetian jade" or "Hongshan jade" or "good jade jade". Others are rumors about jade in antique stalls or collectors, and it is unreasonable to test their reliability.

Of course, I dare not say that no one in the contemporary collectors has the basic knowledge of ancient and modern jade materials and has accumulated a certain amount of experience, but it is certain that it is difficult to analyze from the subjective and objective conditions of today’s jade collectors. To achieve the above ideals. Therefore, there is indeed a subject in the face of contemporary jade collectors who are learning and familiar with ancient and modern jade materials.

Since the ancient jade obtained by the excavation has been collected in the domestic museums and archaeological departments, it is really difficult for collectors to get the opportunity to watch, and there are fewer opportunities to get real feelings, so the learning process will be long. . I suggest that collectors should establish close ties with museums and archaeological institutes (teams) and strive to visually and unearth the excavation of ancient jade, which is the key to learning ancient jade. Second, we must also learn about the current output of Hetian Yu and Xiuyan River. At present, Hetian jade has a limited output, which is in short supply. Merchants often use Russian and Qinghai jade to pretend to be Hetian jade, which increases the difficulty of learning Hetian jade. In fact, this difficulty can still be broken. If you can hand in the jade merchants who know the jade or know the details, ask them and the problem can be solved.

At present, collectors must also be freed from the unhealthy aesthetics such as chicken bone white, cow hair, and other unhealthy colors, and re-recognize the texture and color of jade. In short, the conditions of high-quality jade are warm and radiant, tough and dense, pure color (such as sheep fat white, white and white, etc.), no splitting. On the contrary, it is not a high-quality jade, but a poor quality jade, which is of a quality jade, a color that is not pure, and a chapped. Anyone who appears red, yellow, black or white on the surface of jade is not high-quality jade, because high-quality jade is not easy to dye, and only inferior jade with impurities or stone is easy to dye, which is worthy of caution.

In short, the jade lovers and collectors must take advantage of the quality of the jade in the appreciation of the acquisition activities, and then choose the color of the mix. The quality of a high-quality jade is often uniform. For example, the white jade is not only the whiteness. Its texture should be like the fat and fat of the sheep fat. Its whiteness is just like the white fat in the white. That is unique white. This unified view is what the ancients demanded for jade, to reach the highest level of "all." The "all" jade is the jade used by the emperor. In today's language, it is also the jade of high quality and beautiful color. Of course, jade also has certain ornaments and the processes that it relies on. These are also the necessary conditions for collectors to decide and choose, and they cannot be ignored.

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